Sex Hormone Binding Globulin [SHBG]

Re: Sex Hormone Binding Globulin: Inhibitor or Facilitator (or Both) of Sex Steroid A

It's nice to see that people are finally waking up.

SHBG is one of the most important values in your bloodwork. Morons like Dr. Shippen (and previously, Dr. Crisler) completely ignore it.

Are we saying that high SHBG is a good thing? I just don't buy it.

My SHBG has risen from 33 to over 70 in the past few years. My Total T has also followed the same trend while E2 remained stable. It was during this time I developed significant gynecomastia. It seems to me that bioavailable T is the only one to follow
 
Genetic Low T/Low SHBG Linkage & Scally Oversight

The Spittoon

In the above article, it is noted that congenitally low T can be linked to genetics that also result in congenitally low SHBG:

In a new study published in PLoS Genetics, researchers from the CHARGE Sex Hormone Consortium analyzed DNA from over 14,000 men of European descent and identified SNPs associated with low blood testosterone. The authors reported that the G version of rs12150660 near the SHBG gene was associated with lower blood testosterone levels. They also found that the T version of rs6258, located within SHBG, was independently linked to lower levels of testosterone.

(23andMe customers can view their data for these and other SNPs in the Sex Hormone Regulation Preliminary Research report.)

The fact that variations in SHBG are linked to testosterone levels may not be surprising because SHBG codes for a protein that binds testosterone in the blood. With additional experiments, the researchers observed that the versions of rs12150660 and rs6258 associated with lower testosterone levels were also linked to lower concentrations of SHBG. Moreover, the SHBG proteins in men with the T version of rs6258 bound testosterone poorly compared to those in men without the T version.

Since congenitally low T and congenitally low SHBG can present in the same patient, it stands to reason that BOTH T and SHBG would need to be supplemented in such an individual. However, for certain doctors, such as Dr. Scally, this concept appears to skyrocket over their heads.

If one has congenitally low SHBG, it is not possible to restore hormonal balance in the individual by simply supplementing with exogenous T when a deficiency of the MASTER REGULATOR of free/bound hormone ratios and the MASTER REGULATOR of the metabolic clearance of these hormones remains deficient.

The above article (and many other studies) prove that SHBG is not like "a cork that floats" in relation to other hormones, but is genetically determined in quite the same way that testosterone is determined. If we correct T while leaving SHBG deficient -- chaos ensues.

The resultant free androgen excess in a low SHBG patient on TRT can be somewhat mitigated by anti-estrogens like anastrazole. However, this mitigation is far from complete: other estrogens remain unaffected; free/bound ratios of DHT and E2 remain unabalanced; the excessive metabolic clearance of steroid hormones that are intended to bind with SHBG creates a number of bizarre outcomes.

I think it's time to take a stand against ignorant doctors.
 
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Re: Genetic Low T/Low SHBG Linkage & Scally Oversight

Very interesting and it raises my eyebrow to this issue. Seems like T levels correlate with SHBG levels in this case Scally posted as well:

Also note that he still experiences symptoms given his high SHBG levels though.

Elevated Serum Testosterone and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Associated with Sexual Dysfunction

[SUN-79] Elevated Serum Testosterone and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Associated with Sexual Dysfunction: A Familial Disorder?
Result Content View

Thanh Duc Hoang, Vinh Q Mai, Patrick W Clyde, KM Mohamed Shakir. Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD.

Background: Elevated sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels have been reported to be associated with increased insulin sensitivity, hyperthyroidism, reduced risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (1,2) and sexual dysfunction in men with chronic hepatitis C infection (3). We report a familial case of hypertestosteronemia and elevated SHBG associated with decreased libido and erectile dysfunction.

Clinical case: A 37 y/o male with a 2-year history of gradually decreased libido and erectile dysfunction was found to have repeated elevation of serum testosterone and SHBG levels. He shaves daily and denies any headaches, vision changes, breast enlargement, chest pain, shortness of breath, or weight changes. Past medical history was significant for shingles and seasonal allergy. He was taking a multivitamin daily. He never smoked and drank 2 beers weekly. He has 2 healthy children. He reports a family history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Vital signs: BP 122/71, HR 60 bpm, weight 176 lbs, height 72 in, and BMI 24 kg/m2.

Physical examination: normal thyroid, no gynecomastia, no galactorrhea, normal phallus, testicles 25 cc bilaterally without palpable mass. Heart, lungs and neurological examination was normal.

Lab results: 8 A.M serum total testosterone 1186-1448 ng/dL (nl 250-1100), free testosterone 141-169 pg/mL (nl 35-155), SHBG 86-98 nmol/L (nl 10-50), LH 8.8 mIU/mL (nl 1.5-9.3), FSH 6.0 mIU/mL (nl 1.4-18.1), estradiol 58.8 pg/mL (nl 7.6-42.6), and TSH 1.09 mcIU/mL (nl 0.27-4.20).
Fasting glucose, prolactin, HCG, CBG, liver associated enzymes, hepatitis and congenital adrenal hyperplasia panels were normal. Clomiphene challenge test was normal.
Abdominal CT scan showed normal liver and adrenal glands.
Pituitary MRI, testicular ultrasound, baseline DXA scan, and EKG were all normal.

Testing of his 11 y/o daughter and 8 y/o son revealed SHBG values of 158 nmol/L (nl 24-120) and 120 nmol/L (nl 32-158) with total testosterone levels of 13 ng/dL and 5ng/dL (nl <25), respectively. Estradiol and TSH levels are normal for both children.

Conclusions: The patient most likely has familial elevated SHBG leading to hypertestosteronemia, given the fact that his daughter also has elevated SHBG and his son with high-normal SHBG. To our knowledge, hypertestosteronemia due to familial elevated SHBG has not been reported previously. Patients with hypertestosteronemia and elevated SHBG need further investigations, including possible genetic studies.

(1) Lakshman KM et al., J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010; 65:503-9.
(2) Perry JR et al., Human Molecular Genetics 2010; 19: 535–544.
(3) Rao J et al., J Clin Gastroenterology 2009; 43:94-95.
 
Re: Genetic Low T/Low SHBG Linkage & Scally Oversight

From October 11, 2011: https://thinksteroids.com/community/threads/134312460

There is nothing in this study that contradicts anything I have posted. In the intervening 8+ months, what is of new relevance? What is the oversight?

[I have previously written on the controversy for the "free hormone hypothesis." https://thinksteroids.com/community/posts/685695 & https://thinksteroids.com/community/posts/474319 . At no time, do I recall ever saying SHBG is not of import. Further, I have posted that a bioassay would be a better measure of androgen activity, but this is not available and what would be measured. AR polymorphism would be another possible factor. ]
 
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Re: Genetic Low T/Low SHBG Linkage & Scally Oversight

OR, is it that congenitally low SHBG results in low TT...

Very interesting and it raises my eyebrow to this issue. Seems like T levels correlate with SHBG levels in this case Scally posted as well:

Also note that he still experiences symptoms given his high SHBG levels though.

Elevated Serum Testosterone and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Associated with Sexual Dysfunction

[SUN-79] Elevated Serum Testosterone and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Associated with Sexual Dysfunction: A Familial Disorder?
Result Content View

Thanh Duc Hoang, Vinh Q Mai, Patrick W Clyde, KM Mohamed Shakir. Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD.

Background: Elevated sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels have been reported to be associated with increased insulin sensitivity, hyperthyroidism, reduced risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (1,2) and sexual dysfunction in men with chronic hepatitis C infection (3). We report a familial case of hypertestosteronemia and elevated SHBG associated with decreased libido and erectile dysfunction.

Clinical case: A 37 y/o male with a 2-year history of gradually decreased libido and erectile dysfunction was found to have repeated elevation of serum testosterone and SHBG levels. He shaves daily and denies any headaches, vision changes, breast enlargement, chest pain, shortness of breath, or weight changes. Past medical history was significant for shingles and seasonal allergy. He was taking a multivitamin daily. He never smoked and drank 2 beers weekly. He has 2 healthy children. He reports a family history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Vital signs: BP 122/71, HR 60 bpm, weight 176 lbs, height 72 in, and BMI 24 kg/m2.

Physical examination: normal thyroid, no gynecomastia, no galactorrhea, normal phallus, testicles 25 cc bilaterally without palpable mass. Heart, lungs and neurological examination was normal.

Lab results: 8 A.M serum total testosterone 1186-1448 ng/dL (nl 250-1100), free testosterone 141-169 pg/mL (nl 35-155), SHBG 86-98 nmol/L (nl 10-50), LH 8.8 mIU/mL (nl 1.5-9.3), FSH 6.0 mIU/mL (nl 1.4-18.1), estradiol 58.8 pg/mL (nl 7.6-42.6), and TSH 1.09 mcIU/mL (nl 0.27-4.20).
Fasting glucose, prolactin, HCG, CBG, liver associated enzymes, hepatitis and congenital adrenal hyperplasia panels were normal. Clomiphene challenge test was normal.
Abdominal CT scan showed normal liver and adrenal glands.
Pituitary MRI, testicular ultrasound, baseline DXA scan, and EKG were all normal.

Testing of his 11 y/o daughter and 8 y/o son revealed SHBG values of 158 nmol/L (nl 24-120) and 120 nmol/L (nl 32-158) with total testosterone levels of 13 ng/dL and 5ng/dL (nl <25), respectively. Estradiol and TSH levels are normal for both children.

Conclusions: The patient most likely has familial elevated SHBG leading to hypertestosteronemia, given the fact that his daughter also has elevated SHBG and his son with high-normal SHBG. To our knowledge, hypertestosteronemia due to familial elevated SHBG has not been reported previously. Patients with hypertestosteronemia and elevated SHBG need further investigations, including possible genetic studies.

(1) Lakshman KM et al., J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010; 65:503-9.
(2) Perry JR et al., Human Molecular Genetics 2010; 19: 535–544.
(3) Rao J et al., J Clin Gastroenterology 2009; 43:94-95.
 
Re: Genetic Low T/Low SHBG Linkage & Scally Oversight

From October 11, 2011: https://thinksteroids.com/community/threads/134312460

There is nothing in this study that contradicts anything I have posted. In the intervening 8+ months, what is of new relevance? What is the oversight?

[I have previously written on the controversy for the "free hormone hypothesis." https://thinksteroids.com/community/posts/685695 & https://thinksteroids.com/community/posts/474319 . At no time, do I recall ever saying SHBG is not of import. Further, I have posted that a bioassay would be a better measure of androgen activity, but this is not available and what would be measured. AR polymorphism would be another possible factor. ]


I'm referring to your statement that you do not know of any "paradoxical" responses to TRT in the literature. TRT in a patient with congenitally low SHBG should lead to such a paradoxical response, in that boosting T beyond the body's capacity to bind testosterone will result in further hormone imbalances. Specifically, excess free androgens that leads to excess estrogen conversion. While some doctors use an AI in this case, with low SHBG, you have to be mindful that 98% of E2 is supposed to be bound to SHBG, just like T. An AI will reduce total E2, yet still leave excess free E2. Moreover, weaker estrogens E1 and E3 remain in excess.
 
Calling out the low SHBG guys

Hey guys , i have been long time lurker on these boards, i am 21 year old male and i was diagnosed with primary hypogonadism aobut 3 months ago since my test levels were very low (200 ng dl) and i have all the symptoms of low T.

Before having this diagnose i was tested for thyroids, adrenals, reproductive hormones and i had an HCG test done (my urologist put me on 5000 IU pregnyl for two weeks and then saw that there was no response) also he stated that my testicles were smaller than they should be. So i was put on TRT (sustanon)

Before starting TRT the blood tests showed that i have very low SHBG ( it was 7 from range of 10-70) and my LH was also in the upper high side. Now I have been on TRT for more than 2 months and i feel no improvement at all.

Firstly i began with 125 mg sustanon each week but i didnt experience anything positive from libido, mood, energy perspective in the first several weeks. So i made another test and saw that my T level was very high ( 1500 ) and my E2 was 121. Then i bought arimidex and started taking it at 1 mg a week but that drove it too low, so my doctor adviced me to lower the sustanon and adex doses and now i am taking 100 mg sustanon every 10 days and about 0.5 mg adex divided in those 10 days.

I read that a lot of young men with low shbg are TRT non responders. I am also balding and have a receding hairline from about two years and gyno from puberty like many of them say. The only positive thing that i noticed was muscle mass increase, but without any strength energy or whatsoever increase, only a little bit more fuller.

I wanted to ask those who have struggled with this problem did they see a muscle mass increase when starting the therapy but without other positives, also has anyone tried to increase their SHBG with supplements, diet or anything else ? I have read in some sites that caffeine, soy isoflavones, beta sitosterol, green tea as well as tamoxifen increase SHBG , has anyone ever had success with these ( James23 if you could chime in on this ) ?

Also i have had a glucose tolerance test and it turned out normal so i am not insulin resistant and my thyroids have been checked with ultrasound and the bloods are also fine, so maybe my low SHBG is genetic.
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

I'm 22 and have low SHBG (12nmol). Ive been on TRT (125mg sustanon per week) for 7 months now.

Pre trt I hadn't experienced *ANY* libido for around 4 years (since I was 18). I was Never horny and almost felt as if I had been castrated. For the first 2 or 3 months on TRT, I regained libido and would experince a tiny amount of what I would call being 'horny' - But this has dropped off as quick as it came and I am back to having little libido and NEVER being horny. It sucks.

For the record being on TRT has drastically improved my cognitive function and mood, but that is all.
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

What are your T levels at 125 mg ? I think its good that you have at least experienced a libido boost and some mood and cognition positives, in my opinion you can regain them if you have experienced them even once , it must be a matter of schedule/dosage and balancing everything. For me however i am worried that i havent seen any improvement at all in these aspects and i am fearing the possibility that the problem will never be fixed.
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

What are your T levels at 125 mg ? I think its good that you have at least experienced a libido boost and some mood and cognition positives, in my opinion you can regain them if you have experienced them even once , it must be a matter of schedule/dosage and balancing everything. For me however i am worried that i havent seen any improvement at all in these aspects and i am fearing the possibility that the problem will never be fixed.

I don't have a peak blood level, only troughs. Cognitive boots have been massive since I started TRT. I've gone from being in a constant muffled/blunted/cloudy headspace and unable to concentrate on simple tasks to having crystal clear cognitive function, improved memory and great concentration.

Trough levels of sustanon250, bloods taken just before next shot (7 days)

Range (8.6nmol-28.8nmol)

125mg per week @ 10.8nmol
83.3mg per week @ 7.6nmol (own natty level)
62.5mg per week @ 7.8nmol (own natty level)

As I said previously, libido and sexual improvements have pretty much dropped off, and I feel that other positive effects of the TRT are tailing off slowly...

FYI I have no estrogen control.
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

I have the exact issues as you. My bloodwork in september:
total T: 245 ng/dL [260-800]
free T: 6.2 ng/dL [43-201]
SHBG: 20 nmol/L [16-60]
LH: bottom of normal range
FSH: bottom of normal range

I have a very weird body shape, much like a woman with narrow shoulders, wide hips and thin bones. To top it off I have advanced hair loss on the entire top of my scalp.My low SHBG is genetic (mom had mild PCOS) and my dad has very mild low T issues.

I've started the following regimen:
- Beta sitosterol 2 capsules/day
- Green tea extract 2 capsules/day
- Zinc pycolinate 20 mg/day
- Generic cialis 10 mg E3D

I'll be starting Nolvadex in cooperation with my endocrinologist later this week.

So far, after a week, I've noticed a slight increase in nocturnal and morning erections. No major change in libido though.
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

Thats what i am planning as well. I have to ask my mother for PCOS, i have read somewhere that its possible that our low SHBG is due to a male version of PCOS that havent been officially recognized in the medical community yet. I will try a low dose T with a low dose adex and if that doesnt work i am starting a regime with green tea, beta sitosterol, soy isoflavones and possibly tamoxifen.

I have read in one article that soy isoflavones and caffeine raise SHBG, but the findings were made in women. Do you think its a good idea to include these ? Also since we are both in the same situation i would be very thankful if you update me on your progress :)
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

I have read mixed reviews about Soy isoflavones on pubmed. Therefore I won't be using it. Caffeine is already included as several cups of coffee here.

Our problem has an unknown etiology and is very rare. Compounded with the lack of interest of most endo's (diabetes is far more lucrative) this means we can't really hope for a cure.
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

I am jumping in here without reading the posts, but only the thread title. I find the low SHBG and hypogonadal symptoms to be interesting. And, possible quite informative if ever researched. It goes against the Free Hormone Hypothesis, which needs more research itself. I find it difficult to believe that the sole purpose of SHBG is to bind testosterone.
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

I think this problem should be further researched and somehow we should raise awareness of this condition. Even if now its untreatable in the future a solution most certainly will be found and if we the low SHBG guys continue to search for the answer and try different methods maybe some of us will find something useful to all of us and share it. I am planning to go to the best andrologist-urologist in my country (i live in an Eastern European country), and talk to him about this problem so i will update my progress here.
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

So. I just went to the endo for blood updates:

T total: 174,4 [200-800]
free T: 4,5 [6,3-21]
LH: 2,1 [1,8-6,5]
FSH: 2,3 [2,1-7]
SHBG: 15,4 [14,4-54]
E2:.7,4 [7,6-34]
Thyroid ok
Glucose ok

So, apparently I have low everything. This is not entirely consistent with the numbers other shbg sufferers have posted. My low shbg is probably due to the low E2.

I am now prescribed 10 mg tamoxifen ED. Should force my lazy pituitary to pump out the gonadotrofins. Is 10 mg a normal dose btw?
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

For what purpose has your endo prescribed tamoxifen ? Arent you on trt and why are your levels so low ?
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

So. I just went to the endo for blood updates:

T total: 174,4 [200-800]
free T: 4,5 [6,3-21]
LH: 2,1 [1,8-6,5]
FSH: 2,3 [2,1-7]
SHBG: 15,4 [14,4-54]
E2:.7,4 [7,6-34]
Thyroid ok
Glucose ok

So, apparently I have low everything. This is not entirely consistent with the numbers other shbg sufferers have posted. My low shbg is probably due to the low E2.

I am now prescribed 10 mg tamoxifen ED. Should force my lazy pituitary to pump out the gonadotrofins. Is 10 mg a normal dose btw?

I believe Clomid is a MUCH better choice over tamoxifen in your case......I question your MD's knowledge based on that choice. You are very much like I was 18 months ago. Test levels so low that E2/SHBG were also low. Clomid caused a moderate increase in testosterone but nothing too profound and it caused too many sides. What's your height/weight?
 
Re: Calling out the low SHBG guys

Tamoxifen (or SERM) will be worthless long-term. It will raise the TT, but not be an effective solution. What are the thyroid studies?
 
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