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Effects of heavy-resistance training on hormonal response patterns in
younger vs. older men.
Kraemer WJ, Hakkinen K, Newton RU, Nindl BC, Volek JS, McCormick M,
Gotshalk LA, Gordon SE, Fleck SJ, Campbell WW, Putukian M, Evans WJ.
Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
47306, USA. wkraemer@bsu.edu
To examine the adaptations of the endocrine system to heavy-resistance
training in younger vs. older men, two groups of men (30 and 62 yr
old) participated in a 10-wk periodized strength-power training
program. Blood was obtained before, immediately after, and 5, 15, and
30 min after exercise at rest before and after training and at rest at
-3, 0, 6, and 10 wk for analysis of total testosterone, free
testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, lactate, and ACTH analysis.
Resting values for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding
protein-3 were determined before and after training. A
heavy-resistance exercise test was used to evaluate the
exercise-induced responses (4 sets of 10-repetition maximum squats
with 90 seconds of rest between sets). Squat strength and thigh muscle
cross-sectional area increased for both groups. The younger group
demonstrated higher total and free testosterone and IGF-I than the
older men, training-induced increases in free testosterone at rest and
with exercise, and increases in resting IGF-binding protein-3. With
training the older group demonstrated a significant increase in total
testosterone in response to exercise stress along with significant
decreases in resting cortisol. These data indicate that older men do
respond with an enhanced hormonal profile in the early phase of a
resistance training program, but the response is different from that
of younger men.
Quick Summary: Testosterone was increased
younger vs. older men.
Kraemer WJ, Hakkinen K, Newton RU, Nindl BC, Volek JS, McCormick M,
Gotshalk LA, Gordon SE, Fleck SJ, Campbell WW, Putukian M, Evans WJ.
Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
47306, USA. wkraemer@bsu.edu
To examine the adaptations of the endocrine system to heavy-resistance
training in younger vs. older men, two groups of men (30 and 62 yr
old) participated in a 10-wk periodized strength-power training
program. Blood was obtained before, immediately after, and 5, 15, and
30 min after exercise at rest before and after training and at rest at
-3, 0, 6, and 10 wk for analysis of total testosterone, free
testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, lactate, and ACTH analysis.
Resting values for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding
protein-3 were determined before and after training. A
heavy-resistance exercise test was used to evaluate the
exercise-induced responses (4 sets of 10-repetition maximum squats
with 90 seconds of rest between sets). Squat strength and thigh muscle
cross-sectional area increased for both groups. The younger group
demonstrated higher total and free testosterone and IGF-I than the
older men, training-induced increases in free testosterone at rest and
with exercise, and increases in resting IGF-binding protein-3. With
training the older group demonstrated a significant increase in total
testosterone in response to exercise stress along with significant
decreases in resting cortisol. These data indicate that older men do
respond with an enhanced hormonal profile in the early phase of a
resistance training program, but the response is different from that
of younger men.
Quick Summary: Testosterone was increased
