Shelley never gave this sonnet a definitive title, but since its posthumous publication in 1839, readers have known it as “England in 1819,” a fitting pinpointing of time and place. Two hundred years later, we still read “England in 1819” as an exemplar of a topical protest poem, casually referring to headline news and caustically voicing outrage at political incompetence and authoritarian violence.
Percy Bysshe Shelley: “England in 1819” by… | Poetry Foundation
England in 1819 by Percy Bysshe Shelley
An old, mad, blind, despised, and dying King;
Princes, the dregs of their dull race, who flow
Through public scorn,—mud from a muddy spring;
Rulers who neither see nor feel nor know,
But leechlike to their fainting country cling
Till they drop, blind in blood, without a blow.
A people starved and stabbed in th' untilled field;
An army, whom liberticide and prey
Makes as a two-edged sword to all who wield;
Golden and sanguine laws which tempt and slay;
Religion Christless, Godless—a book sealed;
A senate, Time’s worst statute, unrepealed—
Are graves from which a glorious Phantom may
Burst, to illumine our tempestuous day.