Androgens & Immunity

Michael Scally MD

Doctor of Medicine
10+ Year Member
Wilhelmson AS, Stubelius A, Borjesson AE, Wu J, Stern A, et al. Androgens Regulate Bone Marrow B Lymphopoiesis in Male Mice by Targeting Osteoblast-Lineage Cells. Endocrinology. http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/en.2014-1822

Testosterone has profound immune-modulatory actions, which may be important for the sexual dimorphism in immune-related disorders, such as autoimmune diseases.

A well-known effect of androgens is inhibition of bone marrow B lymphopoiesis; however, a plausible target cell for this effect has not yet been presented.

The aim of this study was to determine the target cell for androgen-mediated regulation of bone marrow B lymphopoiesis in males.

We confirm higher number of bone marrow B cells in male mice with global inactivation of the androgen receptor (AR) and these G-ARKO mice had increased number of B cell precursors from the pro-B stage.

Since osteoblast-lineage cells are known to support B lymphopoiesis at the pro-B stage, we investigated the effect on B lymphopoiesis in osteoblast-lineage cell-specific ARKO (O-ARKO) mice; O-ARKO mice had increased number of B cells in the bone marrow and the number of B cell precursors was increased from the pro-B stage, demonstrating that O-ARKO mimics the bone marrow B lymphopoiesis pattern of G-ARKO mice.

By contrast, O-ARKO mice displayed only minor changes in B cell numbers in the splenic compartment compared to G-ARKO. Further, O-ARKO mice had moderately reduced number of bone trabeculae in the vertebrae while cortical bone was unaffected. In conclusion, androgens exert inhibitory effects on bone marrow B lymphopoiesis in males by targeting the AR in osteoblast-lineage cells.

The identification of the likely target cell for androgen-mediated regulation of bone marrow B lymphopoiesis will contribute to elucidation of the mechanisms by which androgens modulate immune-related disorders.
 
Deciphering Sex Differences in the Immune System and Depression

Highlights
· Overview of the immune system in health and disease.
· Examination of interaction between HPA-axis and immune function.
· Regulation of the immune system by gonadal hormones.
· Contribution of genetic sex to immune function.
· Sex differences in immune mechanisms of mood disorders.

Certain mood disorders and autoimmune diseases are predominately female diseases but we do not know why. Here, we explore the relationship between depression and the immune system from a sex-based perspective. This review characterizes sex differences in the immune system in health and disease. We explore the contribution of gonadal and stress hormones to immune function at the cellular and molecular level in the brain and body. We propose hormonal and genetic sex specific immune mechanisms that may contribute to the etiology of mood disorders.

Rainville JR, Tsyglakova M, Hodes GE. Deciphering Sex Differences in the Immune System and Depression. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091302217301012
 
Back
Top