Intramuscular injections into the buttocks: are they truly intramuscular?
Intramuscular injections into the buttocks: are th... [Eur J Radiol. 2006] - PubMed result
Eur J Radiol. 2006 Jun;58(3):480-4. Epub 2006 Feb 21.
Intramuscular injections into the buttocks: are they truly intramuscular?
Chan VO, Colville J, Persaud T, Buckley O, Hamilton S, Torreggiani WC.
Department of Radiology, The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland.
Abstract
AIM: To radiologically determine if intramuscular (IM) injections into the buttocks are truly intramuscular.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study conducted during a 6 month period beginning in October 2004. Fifty inpatients were recruited from a single tertiary referral hospital. Approval was obtained from the hospital research ethics committee and informed written consent was acquired from all participants. Prior to computerised tomography (CT), each patient received an IM injection of their prescribed medication along with 1 mL of air into the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks. CT images were subsequently analyzed by two radiologists to determine the position of the injected air bubble and to assess whether it was intramuscular or subcutaneous in position. Body mass index (BMI), distance to injection site, subcutaneous fat and muscle thickness were also measured.
RESULTS: Overall, only 32% (n=16/50) of patients had intramuscular injections, with the majority of injections (68%, n=34/50) being subcutaneous. When analysed by gender, 56% (n=14/25) of males had intramuscular injections while in females, the efficacy rate was significantly lower at 8% (n=2/25).
CONCLUSION:
The majority of assumed intramuscular injections are actually subcutaneous.
PMID: 16495027 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Intramuscular gluteal injections in the increasingly obese population: retrospective study -- Nisbet 332 (7542): 637 -- bmj.com
Intramuscular gluteal injections in the increasingly obese population: retrospective study
Abstract
Aims To examine depth of subcutaneous fat at gluteal intramuscular injection sites.
Design Retrospective study.
Setting General hospital.
Participants 100 consecutive adults who had computed tomography of the pelvis.
Main outcome measures Minimum distance between the surface of the skin and the nearest edge of muscle at intramuscular injection sites.
Results 12 patients had a ventrogluteal site depth of more than 35 mm, the maximum depth of a green needle, and 26 had a ventrogluteal depth of more than 25 mm, the maximum depth of a blue needle. 43 patients had a dorsogluteal site depth of more than 35 mm, and 72 had a dorsogluteal depth of more than 25 mm. The intramuscular site was likely to be deeper in women.
Conclusion Standard green and blue needles do not reach the gluteal muscles in a considerable number of patients.
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