Atherosclerosis, Glucorticoids & The Fried Lard Diet

You've got to watch out for this kind of stuff. The next time you encounter a site that seems to be a very long, single web page that is building up to something: do yourself a favor, and just click on the "page dn" button to see what is at the bottom (or better yet, just click the "end" button). You'll find out what the punch line always is: "CLICK HERE NOW TO ORDER"

You have a very healthy level of skepticism. I'm familiar with that book and while I think it's a good read and agree with most of it, I dont recommend it because the author is a personal trainer and not a scientist or doctor. However, there's no harm in reading it and judging it on the merit of it's content which, overall, is quite good.

This is why I suggested you read "Good Calories, Bad Calories". The author is a respected science journalist with a degree in physics. He looked at the history of how fat was demonized at the expense of ignoring lots of relevant evidence showing refined carbs to be the real culprit in the diseases of civilization. It's not an easy read, but I found it both enlightening AND infuriating at the same time.

Example? They've known for more than 30 years that having small, dense LDL particles triples your risk of heart disease and that having large bouyant particles lowers your risk. They've also known for more than 30 years that eating a diet where 40 to 50 percent of your calories come from carbohydrates (pretty much universally recommended by nutritionists) can and will shift your LDL size pattern to small and dense, especially in men. AND, they've also known for more than 30 years that eating fat shifts your LDL size pattern to large and bouyant.

My face turned beet red when I read this!

Nutrition stopped being a science 40 years ago. They're stuck in a low-fat paradigm and so is much of modern medicine - to the detriment of all of us.
 
You have a very healthy level of skepticism. I'm familiar with that book and while I think it's a good read and agree with most of it, I dont recommend it because the author is a personal trainer and not a scientist or doctor. However, there's no harm in reading it and judging it on the merit of it's content which, overall, is quite good.

This is why I suggested you read "Good Calories, Bad Calories". The author is a respected science journalist with a degree in physics. He looked at the history of how fat was demonized at the expense of ignoring lots of relevant evidence showing refined carbs to be the real culprit in the diseases of civilization. It's not an easy read, but I found it both enlightening AND infuriating at the same time.

Example? They've known for more than 30 years that having small, dense LDL particles triples your risk of heart disease and that having large bouyant particles lowers your risk. They've also known for more than 30 years that eating a diet where 40 to 50 percent of your calories come from carbohydrates (pretty much universally recommended by nutritionists) can and will shift your LDL size pattern to small and dense, especially in men. AND, they've also known for more than 30 years that eating fat shifts your LDL size pattern to large and bouyant.

My face turned beet red when I read this!

Nutrition stopped being a science 40 years ago. They're stuck in a low-fat paradigm and so is much of modern medicine - to the detriment of all of us.

Do you have links to any studies which show this?
 
Do you have links to any studies which show this?

IIRC, they're all referenced in "Good Calories, Bad Calories".

Here's an article with references at the end, including one from Krauss that's relevant to this subject:

http://www.suite101.com/content/does-the-atkins-diet-raise-ldl-cholesterol-levels-a266025

"Small, dense LDL particles are easily oxidized and damaged. Large, fluffy LDL particles resist oxidation and are less likely to cause cardiovascular problems. According to Krauss, high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets increase concentrations of small, dense LDL particles, while those on a higher-fat, low-carbohydrate diet produce large LDL particles, the type that resist oxidation and glycation."
 
Notes from GCBC.

Note the section on "Triglycerides and the Complications of Cholesterol" as there is plenty there to get almost anyone infuriated:

http://higher-thought.net/complete-notes-to-good-calories-bad-calories/ (Complete Notes to Good Calories, Bad Calories | Higher Thought)

Example:

"Ironic: animal fat is is primarily monounsaturated [RAISES HDL, LOWERS LDL]

porterhouse steak: 51% of the fat is monounsaturated (of which 90% is oleic acid), 45% is saturated (a third of which is stearic acid which is metabolized into oleic acid), 4% is polyunsaturated (which lowers LDL but doesn’t affect HDL). So 70% of the fat content will improve your HDL:LDL ratio; the other 30% will raise both. Should be promoted to reduce heart disease risk, but no nutritional authority will say so publicly.
"
 
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This certainly has taken off faster than expected. I hardly know where to start.
Structure , you are one of the most respected members on this board, and I value your council. The whole reason I began studying medicine in the first place was because of this athersclerosis thing I have. The TRT is really just for fun in comparison. As you said I`m a smart guy and not likely to get taked in by the latest popular fad. (or words to that effect). I believed the whole cholesterol theory of ersclerosis untill recently. Then a year ago I caught Robert Lustig`s lecture on monosaccaride (simple sugars) metabolism on UCTV . About 2/3 of the way thru he blackboards the entire series of biochemical reactions that convert part of the monosaccaride bolus to VLDL. I filed the info away in the Damn glad we dont eat much sugar and gotta root out the high fructose corn syrup from the diet doto file. So, there is not a shade of doubt in my mind that simple sugars raise VLDL. Neither is there a shade of doubt that VLDL is one of the principle culprits in athersclerosis, another being inflammation.
Then the Atkins diet came to my attention. Now the entire picture is falling into place:
the lipoprotein continum
insulin-glucogon balance
triglyceride, fat, carb, protein metabolism
inflammation
omega 3,6 and 9 fatty acid ratios
eicosinoid chemistry
It goes on and on. I really believe there is truth in here. I`m trying to relate all the info that LW64, Citvitorg and what I find on the net with what I already know and it is matching up and making sense. As a critical thinker please find the time to give the theory your unbiased consideration.
At least give Lustigs lecture a go and let me know what you think.



[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBnniua6-oM]YouTube - Sugar: The Bitter Truth[/ame]
 
This certainly has taken off faster than expected. I hardly know where to start.
Structure , you are one of the most respected members on this board, and I value your council. The whole reason I began studying medicine in the first place was because of this athersclerosis thing I have. The TRT is really just for fun in comparison. As you said I`m a smart guy and not likely to get taked in by the latest popular fad. (or words to that effect). I believed the whole cholesterol theory of ersclerosis untill recently. Then a year ago I caught Robert Lustig`s lecture on monosaccaride (simple sugars) metabolism on UCTV . About 2/3 of the way thru he blackboards the entire series of biochemical reactions that convert part of the monosaccaride bolus to VLDL. I filed the info away in the Damn glad we dont eat much sugar and gotta root out the high fructose corn syrup from the diet doto file. So, there is not a shade of doubt in my mind that simple sugars raise VLDL. Neither is there a shade of doubt that VLDL is one of the principle culprits in athersclerosis, another being inflammation.
Then the Atkins diet came to my attention. Now the entire picture is falling into place:
the lipoprotein continum
insulin-glucogon balance
triglyceride, fat, carb, protein metabolism
inflammation
omega 3,6 and 9 fatty acid ratios
eicosinoid chemistry
It goes on and on. I really believe there is truth in here. I`m trying to relate all the info that LW64, Citvitorg and what I find on the net with what I already know and it is matching up and making sense. As a critical thinker please find the time to give the theory your unbiased consideration.
At least give Lustigs lecture a go and let me know what you think.



YouTube - Sugar: The Bitter Truth

What you're saying makes a lot of sense, and I do think this is good science. Like the rest of you, I find it pretty upsetting when some group or organization takes this good science and tries to manipulate people with it. Specifically, I feel I was manipulated by the Atkins folks because they mixed good science with a little bit of pseudoscience to further their bottom line. I still think that the foundation of the Atkins diet is good science, but it is important to be careful to separate the science part of it from the marketing part of it. That was the intention behind my previous post --- after looking at that particular website, it seemed to me that this particular individual was likely more of a salesman than a scientist. I posted the formula for a "fad diagnosis" to illustrate this --- that real problems and real science can be perverted if you prey on people's desperation. Take for example vitamin D. On this forum, we're all believers in Vitamin D's benefits. We've all read the science behind it. But there are people who will try to pervert the enthusiasm behind vitamin D to make a business for themselves. In a case like this, the foundation is strong, and the basic science is good, but that doesn't mean that an unethical, business-minded person can't find a way to exploit these ideas to make you think that you need their products and services in order to make yourself "well."

This was the case for me with adrenal fatigue. The essential ideas behind adrenal fatigue are scientifically sound: you can encounter HPA problems from chronic stress. However, with a little bit of smoke and mirrors, you can convince just about anyone that they are suffering from adrenal fatigue. The symptoms are vague and nonspecific. They find a way to make you think that the tests ordinarily offered by the medical establishment are inadequate to find a true diagnosis. They convince you that you are sick, and then they try to sell you their products.

Here's a concrete example: I went to see a doctor (a legitmate MD) that was dabbling in naturopathy and other holistic practices. I was diagnosed based on a "muscle test": someone put their finger on various parts of my body (say for example, over the kidney) and asked me to raise my arm out to the side. A problem would be diagnosed depending on whether or not they could push my arm down while touching the part of my body: if they could push my arm down when a finger was placed over my kidney, then I had kidney trouble. If it stayed up, then my kidney was healthy. Given that the pressure was applied to my arm near the wrist, where mechanical advantage dictates that they could push my arm down at will, it was honestly up to the muscle tester to decide when he was going to push my arm down, so he could diagnose me with any number of ailments as he saw fit. This was only a few years ago; this "muscle testing" is still actively practiced, and has many fervent believers (google it and see what you find). Once I was diagnosed with several problems based on this muscle testing, I was offered the opportunity to make myself well by purchasing their clinic's expensive supplements. The supplements were primarily composed of extracts of dessicated animal organs (usually corresponding to the organ that was supposedly not working properly). The office visit was a little over $400.

While this is an extreme example, it actually happened to me (no, I didn't buy the supplements, although I couldn't get my $400 back). When people are desperate to fix themselves, they are able to be exploited. When there's money to be made, there will always be unethical people around to distort truths to make this money. The website that I used in my previous post looked like an example of this, but to be honest, I didn't bother evaluating his ideas; I just looked at the format of the website and knew what was waiting for me at the bottom of the page: "CLICK HERE TO ORDER."

With all that being said, I hope that my skepticism isn't taken as a wholesale dismissal of low-carb diets or adrenal fatigue; there is good science behind both. Rather my comments are meant to draw attention to the outrageous number of people making an equally outrageous number of clams related to both low-carb diets and adrenal fatigue, all in an elaborate attempt to separate you from your money. Concretely, my criticisms of these ideas can be nicely summed up as follows:
  1. Low carb dieting is great for health, so long as it not done to an extreme that results in elevated cortisol levels.
  2. The Atkins diet doesn't mix too well with moderate levels of exercise: you can end up with some problems if you try to do decent amounts of hard exercise (1 hour a day) with significant carbohydrate deprivation. Some people will fight me tooth and nail on this issue... It is, in my opinion, the biggest limitation of the Atkins diet. However, a lot of people don't really exercise that much, so its not really an issue for them, and they can thus safely reap the health benefits of long-term carbohydrate restriction.
  3. Adrenal hypofunction should only be diagnosed when blood tests show an imbalance of HPA hormones, much in the same way that gonadal hypofunction is diagnosed (i.e. when HPT hormones are abnormal).
  4. There is, unfortunately, a large number of snake-oil salesman that have tried to manipulate a public that is eager to to make itself healthy by distorting aspects of low-carb dieting and HPA dynamics. You have to be careful.

Hope that clarifies my position...
 
http://www.camasc.org/ppt/lustig.pdf

Dietary Factors, NAFLD, and the Metabolic Syndrome - a very nice power point presentation
 
Damn thats good! Much improved over the chalkboard presentation and it was most excellent.
Anyone could follow the logic even if lacking an iota of science background and if they half tried.
How did you ever find this ? I googled Robert Lustig several times. This is hot off the press
(11/10) too.
:)

Ive been thinking about this a LOT lately. You and LW64 must both be psychic! He posts links to the things I`m thinking about too.
 
Damn thats good! Much improved over the chalkboard presentation and it was most excellent.
Anyone could follow the logic even if lacking an iota of science background and if they half tried.
How did you ever find this ? I googled Robert Lustig several times. This is hot off the press
(11/10) too.
:)

Ive been thinking about this a LOT lately. You and LW64 must both be psychic! He posts links to the things I`m thinking about too.

There's also this audio interview

[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YDiyHb-R9RI]YouTube - The Politics of Obesity - Freedomain Radio Interviews Dr. Robert H. Lustig[/ame]

And this video

[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=14ZIKOQkTiM]YouTube - Sugar: The Bitter Truth[/ame]

From ABC News

http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/video/sugar-wars-10143734

At Dreamforce 2010

[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iIlnFLMweYo]YouTube - Sugar - The Bitter Truthwith Dr. Robert Lustig[/ame]
 
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Look at this study

Addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats: Role for dopamine D2 receptors

In summary, we have shown that over-stimulation of brain reward systems through excessive consumption of palatable energy-dense food induces a profound state of reward hyposensitivity and the development of compulsive-like eating. These maladaptive behavioral responses in obese rats likely arise from diet-induced deficits in striatal D2R signaling. Overconsumption of drugs of abuse similarly decreases striatal D2R density, induces a profound state of reward hypofunctionality and triggers the emergence of compulsive-like drug-taking behaviors. Our findings therefore support the previous work of Hoebel and many others suggesting that obesity and drug addiction may arise from similar neuroadaptive responses in brain reward circuitries.
 
Look at this study

Addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats: Role for dopamine D2 receptors

In summary, we have shown that over-stimulation of brain reward systems through excessive consumption of palatable energy-dense food induces a profound state of reward hyposensitivity and the development of compulsive-like eating. These maladaptive behavioral responses in obese rats likely arise from diet-induced deficits in striatal D2R signaling. Overconsumption of drugs of abuse similarly decreases striatal D2R density, induces a profound state of reward hypofunctionality and triggers the emergence of compulsive-like drug-taking behaviors. Our findings therefore support the previous work of Hoebel and many others suggesting that obesity and drug addiction may arise from similar neuroadaptive responses in brain reward circuitries.

Theres no doubt here that HFCS is addictive. Sucrose and simple short chain length CHO are just a step or two away.
 
Structure, thanks for clearing that up. I knew you would keep an open mind.
What I`m really conerned with here is the effect on a reduced CHO and W-6 FA and increased SFA and W-3 on atherosclerosis.
Cvitorg and LW64 have posted a lot of links leading to good info here and then theres Lustigs work and Taubes book. Still studying them.
In the next few days, weeks, whatever it takes, I`ll go thru the info and determine if it holds up to scrutiny and existing studies.
I want to present my own intrepretation as regards to atherosclerosis. Hope all of you stay tuned.
 
http://www.camasc.org/ppt/lustig.pdf

Dietary Factors, NAFLD, and the Metabolic Syndrome - a very nice power point presentation


Pretty good evidence for the Decrease Simple Dietary CHO folks.
The Metabolism of Glucose series details the EXACT chain of events that leads to inc VLDL.
If you follow this you have a good understanding of the the CHO part of the dietary issue.
Significantly there is no process in GM that causes inflammation as in EM and FM.
Doesnt Taubes claim that CHO in general inceases inflammation?.

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Journal of Clinical Investigation -- Insulin’s effect on glucose production: direct or indirect?

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

[ame="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cycle"]Citric acid cycle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia@@AMEPARAM@@/wiki/File:Citric_acid_cycle_with_aconitate_2.svg" class="image"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Citric_acid_cycle_with_aconitate_2.svg/500px-Citric_acid_cycle_with_aconitate_2.svg.png"@@AMEPARAM@@commons/thumb/0/0b/Citric_acid_cycle_with_aconitate_2.svg/500px-Citric_acid_cycle_with_aconitate_2.svg.png[/ame]

[ame="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate"]Adenosine triphosphate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia@@AMEPARAM@@/wiki/File:Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg" class="image" title="Skeletal formula of ATP"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg/200px-Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg.png"@@AMEPARAM@@commons/thumb/3/31/Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg/200px-Adenosintriphosphat_protoniert.svg.png[/ame]

c-Jun N-terminal kinases - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
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Pretty good evidence for the Decrease Simple Dietary CHO folks.
The Metabolism of Glucose series details the EXACT chain of events that leads to inc VLDL.
If you follow this you have a good understanding of the the CHO part of the dietary issue.
Significantly there is no process in GM that causes inflammation as in EM and FM.
Doesnt Taubes claim that CHO in general inceases inflammation?.

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Journal of Clinical Investigation -- Insulin’s effect on glucose production: direct or indirect?

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Citric acid cycle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Adenosine triphosphate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

c-Jun N-terminal kinases - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

You might consider the book "The Paleo Solution" By Robb Wolf. In his book he documents much of the discussion above about carbs/fats/protein and more. very layman readable.
 
You might consider the book "The Paleo Solution" By Robb Wolf. In his book he documents much of the discussion above about carbs/fats/protein and more. very layman readable.

Yea, thats the problem with Taubes too. Too much written for the layman. I`l looking for scientific research if not proof- not opinions. Maybe that was a bit harsh . :) Thanks for your input.
 
Another Huge Study Finds Little Benefit From '5-a-day'

Paolo Boffetta, et al. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Overall Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) JNCI 2010 [e-pub ahead of print]

ABSTRACT

Background: It is widely believed that cancer can be prevented by high intake of fruits and vegetables. However, inconsistent results from many studies have not been able to conclusively establish an inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and overall cancer risk.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort to assess relationships between intake of total fruits, total vegetables, and total fruits and vegetables combined and cancer risk during 1992–2000. Detailed information on the dietary habit and lifestyle variables of the cohort was obtained. Cancer incidence and mortality data were ascertained, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. Analyses were also conducted for cancers associated with tobacco and alcohol after stratification for tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking.

Results: Of the initial 142 605 men and 335 873 women included in the study, 9604 men and 21 000 women were identified with cancer after a median follow-up of 8.7 years. The crude cancer incidence rates were 7.9 per 1000 person-years in men and 7.1 per 1000 person-years in women. Associations between reduced cancer risk and increased intake of total fruits and vegetables combined and total vegetables for the entire cohort were similar (200 g/d increased intake of fruits and vegetables combined, HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96 to 0.99; 100 g/d increased intake of total vegetables, HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99); intake of fruits showed a weaker inverse association (100 g/d increased intake of total fruits, HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.00). The reduced risk of cancer associated with high vegetable intake was restricted to women (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99). Stratification by alcohol intake suggested a stronger reduction in risk in heavy drinkers and was confined to cancers caused by smoking and alcohol.

Conclusions: A very small inverse association between intake of total fruits and vegetables and cancer risk was observed in this study. Given the small magnitude of the observed associations, caution should be applied in their interpretation.


CONTEXT AND CAVEATS

Prior knowledge

The association between high intake of fruits and vegetables and reduction in overall cancer risk is not conclusively established.

Study design

European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort study was conducted between 1992 and 2000. Diet and lifestyle data were self-reported by the participants. Cancer incidence and mortality data were obtained from country-specific national and regional registries. Association between overall cancer risk and high intake of total fruits, total vegetables, and total fruits and vegetables combined was assessed. Estimated cancer risks were adjusted for smoking, alcohol consumption, and many other variables.

Contribution

High intake of vegetables, and fruits and vegetables combined, was associated with a small reduction in overall cancer risk. The association was stronger in heavy alcohol drinkers but was restricted to cancers caused by smoking and drinking.

Implications

This study reveals a very modest association between high intake of fruits and vegetables and reduced risk of cancer.

Limitations

The inverse association between overall cancer risk and high intake of fruits and vegetables was weak. Errors inherent to self-reported dietary habits may have resulted in bias.
 
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