They do share being obnoxious though..
MESO-Rx
Anabolic Steroids
Can touching a barbell in the gym get you sick with the coronavirus?
- Thread starter Michael Scally MD
- Start date
I think most mask Nazis are self righteous, egotistical, and sanctimonious.
I think most anti-maskers are knuckleheads.
And then there is, somewhere in between.
In case anyone forget how we got into these lockdowns in the first place. The experts told us that over 1 million deaths would occur in the US and over 250,000 in UK under the very best case scenario.
London’s Imperial College predicts millions to die from coronavirus pandemic in UK and US
London’s Imperial College predicts millions to die from coronavirus pandemic in UK and US
Villain
Member
Obesity, Vitamin D Deficiency and Old Age A Serious Combination with Respect to Coronavirus Disease-2019 Severity and Outcome
Purpose of review: Old age, obesity and vitamin D deficiency are considered as independent risk factors for severe courses of COVID-19. The aim of the review is to discuss common features of these risk factors and the impact of vitamin D.
Recent findings: The recently discovered relationship between vitamin D and the infection pathway of the virus via the renin--angiotensin system (RAS) and the adipokines leptin and adiponectin play an important role. The frequency of studies showing a relationship between a low vitamin D status in comorbidities and severe COVID-19 courses makes an impact of vitamin D effects likely.
Summary: There is a direct relationship between vitamin D, body fat and age in COVID-19 courses. With age, the ability of the skin to synthesize vitamin D decreases, and leads to vitamin D-deficits. If the skin is insufficiently exposed to sunlight, severe deficits can develop. As vitamin D plays an important role not only in the immune system but also in the RAS, and thus at the point where the virus attacks, a good vitamin D supply is an important basis for reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 processes. Treatment with vitamin D supplements should be based on severity of the vitamin D deficiency.
Biesalski HK. Obesity, vitamin D deficiency and old age a serious combination with respect to coronavirus disease-2019 severity and outcome [published online ahead of print, 2020 Sep 15]. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2020;10.1097/MCO.0000000000000700. doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000700 Obesity, vitamin D deficiency and old age a serious... : Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care
Purpose of review: Old age, obesity and vitamin D deficiency are considered as independent risk factors for severe courses of COVID-19. The aim of the review is to discuss common features of these risk factors and the impact of vitamin D.
Recent findings: The recently discovered relationship between vitamin D and the infection pathway of the virus via the renin--angiotensin system (RAS) and the adipokines leptin and adiponectin play an important role. The frequency of studies showing a relationship between a low vitamin D status in comorbidities and severe COVID-19 courses makes an impact of vitamin D effects likely.
Summary: There is a direct relationship between vitamin D, body fat and age in COVID-19 courses. With age, the ability of the skin to synthesize vitamin D decreases, and leads to vitamin D-deficits. If the skin is insufficiently exposed to sunlight, severe deficits can develop. As vitamin D plays an important role not only in the immune system but also in the RAS, and thus at the point where the virus attacks, a good vitamin D supply is an important basis for reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 processes. Treatment with vitamin D supplements should be based on severity of the vitamin D deficiency.
Biesalski HK. Obesity, vitamin D deficiency and old age a serious combination with respect to coronavirus disease-2019 severity and outcome [published online ahead of print, 2020 Sep 15]. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2020;10.1097/MCO.0000000000000700. doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000700 Obesity, vitamin D deficiency and old age a serious... : Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care
Are Adequate Vitamin D Levels Helpful in Fighting COVID-19?
COVID-19 is a global pandemic with high mortality in vulnerable groups. Given the current lack of definitive treatment or vaccine that significantly reduces mortality rate, governments, researchers and healthcare providers are racing to find possible solutions to the crisis. Vitamin D and its analogues have been previously studied for their non-skeletal benefits.
In particular, questions regarding their role in the modulation of immunity have re-surfaced, in view of possible epidemiological links observed between COVID-19 and vitamin D levels in selected populations. In this review, we highlight potential mechanisms and summarise the evidence for and against the potential role of vitamin D supplementation in our fight against COVID-19.
Hoong CWS, Huilin K, Cho S, Aravamudan VM, Lin JHX. Are Adequate Vitamin D Levels Helpful in Fighting COVID-19? A Look at the Evidence [published online ahead of print, 2020 Sep 17]. Horm Metab Res. 2020;10.1055/a-1243-5462. doi:10.1055/a-1243-5462 Are Adequate Vitamin D Levels Helpful in Fighting COVID-19? A Look at the Evidence
COVID-19 is a global pandemic with high mortality in vulnerable groups. Given the current lack of definitive treatment or vaccine that significantly reduces mortality rate, governments, researchers and healthcare providers are racing to find possible solutions to the crisis. Vitamin D and its analogues have been previously studied for their non-skeletal benefits.
In particular, questions regarding their role in the modulation of immunity have re-surfaced, in view of possible epidemiological links observed between COVID-19 and vitamin D levels in selected populations. In this review, we highlight potential mechanisms and summarise the evidence for and against the potential role of vitamin D supplementation in our fight against COVID-19.
Hoong CWS, Huilin K, Cho S, Aravamudan VM, Lin JHX. Are Adequate Vitamin D Levels Helpful in Fighting COVID-19? A Look at the Evidence [published online ahead of print, 2020 Sep 17]. Horm Metab Res. 2020;10.1055/a-1243-5462. doi:10.1055/a-1243-5462 Are Adequate Vitamin D Levels Helpful in Fighting COVID-19? A Look at the Evidence
[OA] SARS-CoV-2 Positivity Rates Associated with Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels
Until treatment and vaccine for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) becomes widely available, other methods of reducing infection rates should be explored. This study used a retrospective, observational analysis of deidentified tests performed at a national clinical laboratory to determine if circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positivity rates.
Over 190,000 patients from all 50 states with SARS-CoV-2 results performed mid-March through mid-June, 2020 and matching 25(OH)D results from the preceding 12 months were included. Residential zip code data was required to match with US Census data and perform analyses of race/ethnicity proportions and latitude. A total of 191,779 patients were included (median age, 54 years [interquartile range 40.4-64.7]; 68% female. The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was 9.3% (95% C.I. 9.2-9.5%) and the mean seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D was 31.7 (SD 11.7).
The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was higher in the 39,190 patients with "deficient" 25(OH)D values (<20 ng/mL) (12.5%, 95% C.I. 12.2-12.8%) than in the 27,870 patients with "adequate" values (30-34 ng/mL) (8.1%, 95% C.I. 7.8-8.4%) and the 12,321 patients with values ≥55 ng/mL (5.9%, 95% C.I. 5.5-6.4%).
The association between 25(OH)D levels and SARS-CoV-2 positivity was best fitted by the weighted second-order polynomial regression, which indicated strong correlation in the total population (R2 = 0.96) and in analyses stratified by all studied demographic factors.
The association between lower SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates and higher circulating 25(OH)D levels remained significant in a multivariable logistic model adjusting for all included demographic factors (adjusted odds ratio 0.984 per ng/mL increment, 95% C.I. 0.983-0.986; p<0.001).
SARS-CoV-2 positivity is strongly and inversely associated with circulating 25(OH)D levels, a relationship that persists across latitudes, races/ethnicities, both sexes, and age ranges. Our findings provide impetus to explore the role of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease.
Kaufman HW, Niles JK, Kroll MH, Bi C, Holick MF. SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. PLoS One. 2020;15(9):e0239252. Published 2020 Sep 17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239252 SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels
Until treatment and vaccine for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) becomes widely available, other methods of reducing infection rates should be explored. This study used a retrospective, observational analysis of deidentified tests performed at a national clinical laboratory to determine if circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positivity rates.
Over 190,000 patients from all 50 states with SARS-CoV-2 results performed mid-March through mid-June, 2020 and matching 25(OH)D results from the preceding 12 months were included. Residential zip code data was required to match with US Census data and perform analyses of race/ethnicity proportions and latitude. A total of 191,779 patients were included (median age, 54 years [interquartile range 40.4-64.7]; 68% female. The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was 9.3% (95% C.I. 9.2-9.5%) and the mean seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D was 31.7 (SD 11.7).
The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was higher in the 39,190 patients with "deficient" 25(OH)D values (<20 ng/mL) (12.5%, 95% C.I. 12.2-12.8%) than in the 27,870 patients with "adequate" values (30-34 ng/mL) (8.1%, 95% C.I. 7.8-8.4%) and the 12,321 patients with values ≥55 ng/mL (5.9%, 95% C.I. 5.5-6.4%).
The association between 25(OH)D levels and SARS-CoV-2 positivity was best fitted by the weighted second-order polynomial regression, which indicated strong correlation in the total population (R2 = 0.96) and in analyses stratified by all studied demographic factors.
The association between lower SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates and higher circulating 25(OH)D levels remained significant in a multivariable logistic model adjusting for all included demographic factors (adjusted odds ratio 0.984 per ng/mL increment, 95% C.I. 0.983-0.986; p<0.001).
SARS-CoV-2 positivity is strongly and inversely associated with circulating 25(OH)D levels, a relationship that persists across latitudes, races/ethnicities, both sexes, and age ranges. Our findings provide impetus to explore the role of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease.
Kaufman HW, Niles JK, Kroll MH, Bi C, Holick MF. SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. PLoS One. 2020;15(9):e0239252. Published 2020 Sep 17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239252 SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels
Joe Morgan
Member
“South Dakota: America's Sweden”
“Noem has rejected the familiar draconian Covid-19 mandates seen in places like California and the UK in favor of a mostly hands-off approach. “
South Dakota: America's Sweden
[emoji102]
“Noem has rejected the familiar draconian Covid-19 mandates seen in places like California and the UK in favor of a mostly hands-off approach. “
South Dakota: America's Sweden
[emoji102]
There are actually five. Those that believe in true science, but realize it's been hijacked for political and economic gainz...
Villain
Member
And she’s hot
Villain
Member
Right on brotherThere are actually five. Those that believe in true science, but realize it's been hijacked for political and economic gainz...
(UK) Almost one third of Covid deaths in July and August 'primarily caused by other conditions'
Almost one third of Covid deaths in July and August 'primarily caused by other conditions'
Oxford research finds someone who had heart attack may have been included in figures if they had also tested positive for virus
UK COVID-19 daily death count could be scrapped: Telegraph
(Reuters) - The UK’s official COVID-19 daily death count could be scrapped following an investigation into Public Health England’s method of counting the toll, The Telegraph newspaper reported.
Academics in a blog post had warned that the way the government health agency calculated the figures was skewed as patients who tested positive for coronavirus, but are successfully treated, will still be counted as dying from the virus “even if they had a heart attack or were run over by a bus three months later”.
Almost one third of Covid deaths in July and August 'primarily caused by other conditions'
Oxford research finds someone who had heart attack may have been included in figures if they had also tested positive for virus
UK COVID-19 daily death count could be scrapped: Telegraph
(Reuters) - The UK’s official COVID-19 daily death count could be scrapped following an investigation into Public Health England’s method of counting the toll, The Telegraph newspaper reported.
Academics in a blog post had warned that the way the government health agency calculated the figures was skewed as patients who tested positive for coronavirus, but are successfully treated, will still be counted as dying from the virus “even if they had a heart attack or were run over by a bus three months later”.
Average number of deaths per day worldwide;
Over 150,000
Average number of deaths from COVID
Approx 5000
Statistics are more fun when you have perspective.
How Many People Die Each Day?
Current additional all cause mortality deaths in Europe - 0
https://www.euromomo.eu/graphs-and-maps
https://www.euromomo.eu/graphs-and-maps
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