I have found the following statement that AIs are unable to prevent testicular aromatization. Further support is seen by the escape patient.
Moreover, AIs are not able to inhibit the testicular production of estrogen, which account for 20% of the circulating estrogen.
In Table 1, the patient was on Exemestane with the result the HPTA became very "stimulated." The response was abnormally high E2 level.
One patient (patient 1) had a large increase in E2 level [330 pmol/L], which was associated with an increase in FSH (27.5 mIU/ml) and LH (13.6 mIU/ml) levels.
Doyen J, Italiano A, Largillier R, Ferrero JM, Fontana X, Thyss A. Aromatase inhibition in male breast cancer patients: biological and clinical implications. Annals of Oncology 2010;21(6):1243-5. Aromatase inhibition in male breast cancer patients: biological and clinical implications
Background: The role of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and their impact on estradiol (E2) levels remain unknown in male breast cancer (MBC) patients.
Patients and methods: MBC patients with metastatic disease and those treated with AIs were selected from the breast cancer database of the Centre Antoine-Lacassagne (Nice, France). Sex hormone levels were retrospectively assessed on serum samples from our institutional serum bank.
Results: Fifteen patients entered the study. Two patients (13%) had complete response, four patients (27%) had partial response, two patients (13%) had stable disease and seven patients (47%) had progressive disease. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 4.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1–8.6] and 33 months (95% CI 18.4–47.6), respectively. All assessable patients (n = 6) had E2 levels less than the lower limit of the assay during AI treatment. Among them, three had partial response, one had stable disease and two had progressive disease. A large increase in follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and E2 levels was observed in one responding patient at progression.
Conclusions: AIs are active in MBC patients. This activity is correlated with a significant reduction in E2 levels. Secondary resistance is in part related to a deleterious feedback loop resulting in a significant increase in substrate for aromatization.